EDU 302 Human Development and Learning ASSIGNMENT 1Fall 2020

Question 1                                                                  (4+6=10 Marks)

·         Define Growth and Development? What are the difference between growth and development?

 

·        Definition of Human Development and Growth

 GROWTH

Growth referred to as a net increase in the size, or mass of the tissue/organism or body. It is largely recognized to multiplication of cells and increase in the intracellular substance. Or

 

GROWTH is change in size, in proportion, disappearance of old features and acquisition of new ones

Growth refers to structural and physiological changes.

Development

 Development specify maturation of functions. It is related to the maturation and myelination of the nervous system and indicates acquisition of a variety of skills for optimal functioning of the individual.

Difference between growth and development

Growth Ø The term is used in purely physical sense. It generally refers to increase in size, length. Ø  Changes in the quantitative aspects come into the domain of Growth. Ø It is a part of developmental process. Development in its quantitative aspect is termed as growth. Ø  Growth does not continue throughout life. It stops when maturity has been attained. Ø Growth involves body changes. Ø The changes produced by growth are the subject of measurement. They may be quantified. Ø  Growth is cellular. It takes place due to the multiplication of cells Ø Growth may or may not bring development.

Development: ·      Development implies overall change in shape, form or structure resulting in improved working or functioning. ·      It is a comprehensive and wider term and refers to overall changes in the individual. ·      Development is a wider and comprehensive term and refers to overall changes in the individual. It continues throughout life and is progressive. ·      Development involves changes of an orderly, coherent type tending towards the goal of maturity. ·      Development implies improvement in functioning and behavior and hence brings qualitative changes which are difficult to be measured directly. ·      Development is also possible without growth.

 

 

Question 2                                                                  (5+5=10 Marks)

·        What are some general principles of human development also write three factors that affect human development?

General Principles of Human Development

The following are the important principles of Development:

1.      Development is a continues process

·        First development is a continuous process. Development does not stop at any time. It continues from the moment of conception until the individual reaches maturity. It takes place at a slow or a rapid rate but at a regular pace rather than by leaps and bounds.

·        There may be a break in the continuity of growth due to illness, starvation or malnutrition or other environmental factors or some abnormal conditions in the child’s life.

2.      Development follows a pattern :

·        Secondly, development occurs in orderly manner and follows a certain sequences.

·         The rate and speed of development may vary in individual cases, but the sequence of the pattern is the same.

3.     Development proceeds from general to specific responses

·        Thirdly, it makes from a generalized to localized behaviors. In studying the development pattern of children, it is observed that general activity always precedes specific activity. Example

·        The earliest emotional responses of the new born are generally diffused excitement and this slowly gives way to specific emotional patterns of anger, joy, fear, etc.

·        Babies wave their arms in general, random movements before they are capable of such specific responses as reaching for an object held before them.

4.     Development involves change

·        Development involves a progressive series of changes. The human being is never static.

·        From the moment of beginning to the time of death, the person is undergoing changes.

·        Nature shapes development most clearly through genetic programming that may determine whole sequences of later development. It refers to a progressive series of orderly coherent changes. Growth on the other hand refers to quantitative changes increasing in size and structure. Development implies both quantitative and qualitative changes.

Factors that affect Human Development

Just 2 Factors

Factors influencing human development are

Environmental factors:

Environmental factors include as income and education, these factors affect a child's development.

A safe community offers a chance to explore.

 Income affects diet, housing, clothing, agates and access to resources and programs. A parent's education may affect how often they read to the child.

Biological factors:

Biological factors include gender and health which affect development.

Females and males mature at different rates.  Similarly Children with health or mental issues develop differently. In short Nutrition and physical activity affect a child's growth and health.